Laptop memory: types of memory and ways to increase it. How much RAM should a laptop have? Replacing RAM on a laptop frequency

In this article you will learn:

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The normal operation of a computer is influenced by many factors, and the most important of them is RAM. Exactly from random access memory depends on the speed of the computer.

After purchasing a PC, RAM can be added if desired. This can be done by replacing the strips or module. But not all modules may be suitable. Without knowing some of the nuances, you may buy the wrong bar. To prevent this from happening, we will tell you how to choose the right RAM.

Design and principle of operation

The OP strip is a small electronic board with microcircuits. Microcircuits are memory chips. Temporary information is recorded in them. At the bottom of the RAM there are contacts, between which there is a key - a not deep recess that allows you to install the RAM on the motherboard.

All processes in the device occur very quickly. In seconds, the processor reads all the information and transmits it to the user.

Information on the plank is not stored forever. It is available to the user as long as they are connected to power. By disconnecting the computer from power, the saved data is deleted.

OP for computer and laptop

Kinds

DDR

Not a new model, but it has been popular with users for 18 years. It appeared on the DDR market in 2001 and immediately fell in love not only with professionals, but also with amateurs.

The amount of memory in such a RAM does not exceed 512 MB, and the operating frequency is 400 MHz. There are 184 contacts allocated on the strip.

Of course, the model is outdated and today you can find more advanced RAMs. It is suitable for those users who have not yet changed the hardware of their PC and are completely satisfied with the operation of the computer from the distant year 2000.

And lately you can’t find it in stores. You can buy it secondhand or at some flea market.

DDR2

DDR2 is a newer model that went on sale in 2003. The developers managed to make it more powerful and increase the number of contacts to 240. The operating frequency reaches 1000 MHz.

Such strips still work today, but only on older PC models. Of course, it is much better than the previous model, but it is also difficult to find on sale.

DDR3

DDR3 modules appeared in early 2007. The model immediately fell in love with professionals, and soon amateurs also appreciated its merits. Manufacturers did a very good job on the OP bar and managed to increase the frequency to 2800 MHz, although the number of pins has not changed compared to DDR2.

DDR3 is a very good and high-quality module that works almost 40% better than the two previous models.

DDR4

The model was released in 2012. The performance is simply amazing, the frequency has risen to 4100 MHz, although the power consumption is only 1.05 V.

DDR4 is a new generation of RAM. It is only suitable for modern computer models, excluding old computers with old connectors.

Selection options

Purpose

RAMs for computers and laptops differ from each other only in panel size and markings, for computers DIMM, and for laptops - SoDIMM. The characteristics of the OP are the same.

Those who have purchased a laptop should choose the bracket very carefully, because... There may not be enough slots. Usually their number does not exceed 2.

Memory

When purchasing a module, the main criterion is volume. By choosing a stick with large memory, your PC will work faster, but this does not mean that you should fill all the computer slots with RAM.

Keep in mind that the processor and operating system are designed for a certain number of GB and it simply won’t handle the extra ones. But you shouldn’t buy too little RAM either; it won’t bring any results and will fill up quickly.

For example, for a 32-bit system, 3 GB of memory will be enough; for a 64-bit system, more than 4 GB will be needed. More modern systems require even more RAM.

You need to buy a RAM stick taking into account all the parameters:

• An old model with 2 GB memory is perfect for an office computer,
• to watch movies and visit various Internet sites, you can install 4 GB of RAM,
• This RAM is not suitable for gamers and programmers and they need to buy a 16 GB stick.

Operating frequency

Another important indicator that affects the speed of the computer. On the latest models, the clock speed is high and this allows you to make the computer work much faster. But it is not suitable for everyone, the processor and motherboard they may simply not be supported.

RAMs with operating frequencies greater than 2400 MHz are suitable for powerful PCs, but budget options they won't fit. Therefore, when choosing an OP, you must definitely consult with the seller, providing him with information about your hardware (computer).

Timing

You should try to choose a model that has the lowest latency between memory operations. However, as the OP clock frequency increases, the timings also increase, so a compromise will have to be found here.

Such timings greatly slow down the computer. For example, on the third model the delays do not exceed 11 units, but on the latest model they reached 16 units.

Voltage

This criterion cannot be called the main one; it should be taken into account if you want to upgrade your computer. For example, buy an additional bar. Choosing a new module costs the same load as the old one. Then there will be no problems with him.

If the power supply is intermittent, the motherboard may give preference to a more powerful module, which will damage the others.

Radiators

Ribbed pads are needed to dissipate heat. On new types of RAM, they are simply necessary, since DDR3 and DDR4 have high performance and, accordingly, heat up faster.

1. If you need an OP bracket for an outdated computer, then you will have to look for a module. The first and second models are best for you. Here you need to focus on the type that your motherboard and processor support.
2. To update a work computer, the third version (at least 4 GB) is suitable; the latest model is very powerful and is simply not needed for an office computer.
3. If you are collecting new computer, then take only the fourth DDR4 model with at least 8 GB (4 GB is currently not enough). The clock frequency is very high, and the operating speed is excellent.
4. Only the fourth generation of sticks (from 16 to 32 GB) is suitable for gamers. You can buy several modules and increase the RAM several times.

Price

They cost differently in different stores, it all depends on the amount of memory.

• The first model costs from 500 rubles (256 MB). But there are also those that can cost 50 thousand (4 GB).
• The cost of DDR2 starts at 400 rubles (512 MB) and ends at 30 thousand (8 GB).
• The price for DDR3 starts from 500 rubles (1 GB). Models with a larger capacity cost about 100 thousand rubles (32 GB).
• The latest, improved version costs from 3 to 90 thousand (from 4 to 64 GB).

Manufacturers

In stores you can find RAM sticks from different manufacturers. Consequently, the cost of such a product varies. It is very difficult to choose, because... Not always specialists can quickly understand different brands and models, and if you are new to this business, it will be very difficult to choose what you need.

When choosing, you should pay attention not only to specifications, but also on brands. After all, only a company with a good reputation can provide you with a quality product. Of course, you will have to pay twice as much for the brand, but a quality, time-tested product is worth it.

High-quality RAMs are produced by the following companies:

• Crucial;
• Goodram;
• Corsair;
• HyperX.

Each company is good in its own way and produces decent products.

Does the system hang if there are 10 or more tabs open in the browser? Is it impossible to work in Photoshop because the computer clearly cannot cope with the load from the program? Instead of enjoying the long-awaited cool game, you only get to watch a “stuck” slideshow of video clips on the screen when you start? And the main question: what’s wrong? After all, there were no problems with the operation of your device before. Most likely it's a RAM issue.

What does the amount of RAM affect?

RAM is a random access memory device. This is the internal element of your computer that allows it to multitask and still handle all processes quickly. To explain its purpose and principle of operation, it is enough to note that it is a kind of buffer for storing information used at a particular moment. It is needed so that when performing a certain task, the system does not look through all the data contained in long-term memory, but can immediately access specific ones.

It turns out that the larger the volume of this very buffer, the more complex the process can be implemented in a minimum time. That is why if you encounter situations similar to those listed at the beginning of this article, you should think about replacing the entire RAM (unless it is soldered into the main board) or adding additional RAM to the free slots.

Reference! A slot is the place (connector) that is intended for connecting new RAM modules.

To make sure that you need to purchase an additional stick (a board with RAM chipsets installed), we collect information about the computer. For this:

• launch some program (preferably even several);
• simultaneously press the “Ctrl”, “Alt”, “delete” keys and select “Task Manager” in the list that opens;
• select the “Performance” section.
• We check how much memory is loaded and how the processor works.

If it is used at 80% or higher, then adding RAM will not hurt.

How to choose the optimal size of RAM for a laptop

First you need to decide for what purpose the computer will be used?

If you need it for regular surfing the Internet, for music, movies and performing some simple tasks (for example, working in Microsoft Word), then you are unlikely to need more than 6 GB of RAM. 8–12 GB will be chosen by those who like to run several programs at the same time or leave 100 open tabs in the browser. And the largest option - 16 GB (sometimes even 32 GB) - is used by owners of powerful machines who regularly run labor-intensive programs or games with a complex interface and rich plot.

Important! With a 32-bit OS, you cannot have more than 3 GB of RAM. Therefore, before expanding the memory, it is worth checking the bit depth of your system and, perhaps, even changing it to 64-Bit.

How to find out the maximum amount of RAM in a laptop

The logical way is to look at the information on the official website of your laptop manufacturer.

However, there is a second one:

• from the site https://www.aida64.com/downloads download a program that collects information about the computer configuration;
• after installation, run it;
• double click on “System board”;

• go to the “Chipset” section and find “Maximum memory” in the list.

Reference! It is believed that 1 GB should be allocated to one logical processor core. But see the exact maximum volume more reliable.

Which RAM to choose for a laptop

Volume is not the only parameter to choose from. It is also worth paying attention to the generation, form factor, frequency and timings. Let's look at it in order:

Taking all this into account, you can purchase a board that will truly improve performance significantly.

Generations of RAM

Today there are three main ones: DDR2, DDR3 and DDR4.

1. The first option is almost out of circulation. Perhaps it can still be found on some very old devices. But now you can’t find a single model that would be suitable for DDR2. Such modules were released in 2003, and operate from 400–1066 MHz.
2. The second number already deserves attention. In new powerful laptops it, of course, will not occur, but it was common in the past. Year of development: 2007. Frequency: 800–2133 MHz. Also adds the ability to provide lower power consumption.
3. Finally, the third option is the most currently used plank. Developed in 2014 and capable of supporting the latest devices. The frequency is about 1600–3200 MHz.

Now you know everything you need to the right choice bars and increase the performance of your laptop. You can, without a doubt, and with knowledge, go to the store to make a purchase.

In this article I will tell you in detail and in all the nuances how to choose the right RAM for your laptop, but first I want to warn you from a thoughtless purchase. The fact is that a lack of RAM (hereinafter referred to as RAM or RAM) is the very first thing that most users sin when “brakes” appear in the laptop. In fact, this is not always the case.

The best solution will first be 100% sure that the reason for the brakes or slow operation is precisely the lack of RAM. To do this, first you need to ensure that the laptop starts to slow down, i.e. run those programs that you think do not have enough RAM. If it’s a game, then we launch it; if the laptop slows down when working in a browser with a large number of tabs, then we launch the browser and open all these tabs, additional programs, etc. Next, we don’t close, but simply minimize all these programs and open the task manager:

1. In Windows, press 3 keys simultaneously: ALT+CTRL+DEL and select “Task Manager” from the menu that appears. The second method is to right-click on the taskbar (the bottom panel on which the “Start” button is located) in an empty space, and select “Task Manager” from the context menu that appears.
2. In the “Task Manager” window that opens, click on “More details” at the bottom, go to the “Performance” tab (in Windows 10 – Performance, in Windows 7 – Performance), in the left menu select “Memory” (in Windows 7 you don’t need to select anything ).

How to Open Task Manager in Windows

And we evaluate the level of RAM load. If it is almost completely loaded, as in the picture below:

Checking the RAM load level

And the processor (CPU) is not heavily loaded, then most likely the problem is in the RAM. If you see something like this:

Checking the RAM and CPU load levels

That is, the memory is far from being fully occupied, and the processor (CPU) is thrashing at 100% or so (not lower than 90%) - which means it’s not a lack of memory at all, but that the processor cannot cope with the tasks assigned to it . Increasing the amount of memory will not help here.

If neither the processor nor the RAM are heavily loaded, and the laptop is still running slowly, check Local Disk C (or another one on which you have installed operating system), perhaps it is packed to capacity, while the computer can slow down in almost all tasks. In this case, you just need to clean the C drive, as well as clean the entire system and registry of junk files using specialized programs like CCleaner or similar.

If you nevertheless notice that your laptop lacks RAM, then read on, we will figure out how to choose and install it correctly.

There are several ways to find out the amount of RAM, the two most common are:

1. look in the “System” window;
2. check in Windows task manager.

In order to view the amount of RAM in the “System” window, you need to right-click on the “This Computer” (My Computer) icon and in the context menu that appears, select “Properties” with the left mouse button. The following “System” window will appear, in which the size of the RAM will be indicated:

How to find out the size of laptop RAM using the System window

You should also keep in mind that a 32-bit operating system is not capable of working with more than 3 GB of RAM (more precisely, 3.25 - 3.75 GB, depending on how much specific hardware, for example, a built-in video card, consumes). Therefore, if you have more than 3 GB installed in your laptop, be sure to install a 64-bit operating system. You can view the system capacity in the same “System” window, immediately after the specified amount of RAM.

If the previous method did not work, for example, you do not have the “This PC” icon on your desktop or there is a shortcut with the same name instead (it was not possible to carry out these actions with the shortcut), then you can determine the amount of RAM as follows: call the task manager ( ALT+CTRL+DEL or right-click on the taskbar at the bottom and click “Task Manager”), in the manager go to the “Performance” (Windows 10) or “Performance” (Windows 7) tab. This tab will display the total amount of RAM in your laptop.

How to find out the size of laptop RAM using Windows Task Manager

What does the amount of RAM affect?

The amount of RAM affects the speed of the laptop. If there is not enough memory to perform some tasks, the laptop starts to work slower, “slow down”, because... instead of the missing part of RAM it starts to be used HDD or SSD drive.

If there is enough memory, but the laptop is slow, then it’s not the problem, and adding extra RAM will not fix the problem. How to check the amount of occupied memory was discussed above.

Now let me explain: the amount of RAM itself does not directly affect the speed of the computer. The speed is more influenced by: the power of the processor, video card, and the speed of permanent memory (for example, if the operating system is installed on an SSD drive, then the speed of the laptop will be noticeably higher than if the OS is installed on a regular hard drive). And the amount of RAM simply should be enough for these components. And if you have a weak processor, then increasing the amount of RAM is unlikely to affect the speed of the laptop. On the other hand, if the laptop has a good processor (for example, an Intel Core i5 or i7 no older than 3-4 years), and the amount of RAM for it is not enough (for example, 4 GB), then increasing the amount of RAM can significantly speed up the operation of the laptop .

The same can be said about the video card, if it is weak, then increasing the amount of RAM will not give an increase in performance in games. Therefore, if there is a lack of performance, first of all you need to look towards the processor, video card (especially in the case of games), replacement hard drive to an SSD drive. And if you are convinced that your processor and video card really cope with the tasks assigned to them, then you can think about increasing the amount of RAM.

But in any case, if the laptop has very little RAM installed (1 or 2 GB), then increasing the volume should have a positive effect on the speed of the laptop, no matter what processor is installed.

The optimal size of RAM for a laptop

The optimal size of RAM depends on the processor installed in the laptop, as well as on the tasks assigned to the laptop.

If your laptop has a rather modest processor, examples from Intel:

• Atom;
• Celeron;
• Pentium.

Or from AMD:

And at the same time, you do not put heavy tasks in front of the laptop, but simply sit in in social networks, listen to music, watch movies, work in office programs and on websites in the browser - then optimal size for your laptop will be 4 to 6 GB RAM. And it will not always be advisable to install a larger volume for these processors, since they are frankly weak.

If your laptop has a medium-power processor, examples from Intel:

• Core i3;
• Core i5.

Or from AMD:

• Ryzen 3;
• Ryzen 5.

And at the same time, you at least sometimes edit photos, videos, or play modern 3D games, or open more than 10-15 tabs in the browser and also run several programs at the same time - then optimal size for your laptop will be 8 to 12 GB RAM.

And finally, if your laptop has a powerful processor, for example, Intel Core i7 or AMD Ryzen 7, and you also play 3D games or work in resource-intensive programs - then optimal size for your laptop will be 16 GB RAM or more(16 GB is now sufficient for absolutely any game, but some heavy professional programs may require more than 16 GB). But if, having a powerful processor, you don’t load your laptop with anything serious, then it’s quite enough 8 GB.

It is also worth considering that if the laptop does not have a discrete video card, but only one built into the processor (integrated video core), then part of the RAM will be programmatically “cut off” for video memory (more correctly, reserved), since the video cores integrated into the processor do not have their own video memory , unlike discrete (separately soldered) video cards. For example, in a laptop with an AMD Ryzen 5 3500U processor, 512 MB of 4 GB is “cut off” for the needs of the built-in Vega 8 video core. If you increase the amount of RAM, for example, by adding an 8 GB stick (a total of 12 GB), then 2 GB of RAM will be automatically allocated for video memory, and about 9.7 - 10 GB of RAM out of 12 will remain for the user’s needs. Before choosing the volume you need, find out whether a significant part of the RAM in your laptop will be reserved for the needs of the video core and, taking this information into account, select the volume of modules. By the way, the allocated amount of memory for the video core can sometimes be manually adjusted independently.

How to find out the maximum amount of RAM in a laptop

You can determine the maximum amount of memory supported by your laptop model using the AIDA64 program. It has a 30-day free limited version, but for our purposes that's enough. We download the program only from the official website - https://www.aida64.com/downloads.

Download the AIDA64 Extreme program from the official website

Select the server download.aida64.com

Install, launch, go to the “Motherboard” – “Chipset” section.

Maximum amount of laptop RAM in AIDA64 program

In this example, the laptop officially supports up to 16 GB of RAM.

You can also find out the maximum amount of laptop memory on the manufacturer’s official website.

You need to understand that the specified maximum volume is official the maximum supported by the memory controller, it is this that should limit the amount of RAM. But in practice, it often happens that laptops support larger volumes than those specified by the manufacturer. You can find out this either on the Internet on forums (perhaps someone has already tried to expand the memory capacity in your laptop model), or experimentally, but buying RAM for the sake of an experiment is not wise, in case it doesn’t “start”... Therefore, some users go straight to store with their laptop and negotiate with the sellers so that before purchasing they have new memory installed and tested for functionality (of a larger capacity than is officially supported). As a rule, sellers go to meet customers and check the compatibility of the memory with the laptop, because it is profitable for them to sell memory with a larger capacity, which costs more. The test is very simple - insert the memory, turn on the laptop. If it turns on, the operating system sees the entire amount of RAM and the laptop works normally - that means it’s “started up”, you can buy it. If it doesn’t turn on, then you should try modules from another manufacturer, or with a smaller volume. Testing one module or one set of modules takes less than 5 minutes if a separate cover is provided for RAM replacement. And in some models you will have to unscrew and remove the entire bottom cover (about 15-20 bolts), then the check can take 15-20 minutes (unscrewing the bolts themselves is quite easy and quick, but quickly and carefully unclip all the latches around the perimeter of the cover so that not to leave visible traces of disassembly - a little problematic if “your hand is not full.” It is better to do this with a plastic object rather than an iron one, for example, a plastic card).

Which RAM to choose for a laptop

RAM for home computers and laptops comes in two form factors (roughly speaking, sizes):

• DIMM– for desktop computers;
• SO-DIMM– for laptops (also used in monoblocks).

A visual comparison of two RAM form factors: DIMM (for PC) and SO-DIMM (for laptop)

As you can see in the picture, the SO-DIMM memory stick is much shorter than the DIMM stick, so they are not interchangeable.

So, for the laptop we select only modulesSO-DIMM. But that’s not all you need to know about choosing RAM for a laptop, since there are also different generations and other nuances.

Generations of RAM

RAM, in addition to form factor (size), differs by generation:

• DDR4(appeared in 2014) - the most modern type of RAM, installed in all modern laptops;
• DDR3(appeared in 2007) - an older generation, not installed in new laptops, but quite often found in used laptops, has a compatible version - DDR3L (this is a version with reduced power consumption, it can still be found in modern budget models ACER laptops);
• DDR2(appeared in 2003) - this is a very ancient type of RAM; I do not recommend purchasing used laptops with such memory, because laptops with DDR2 are very old and slow technology, and it is unknown how long they will last.

There are even older generations, but you are unlikely to meet them, so we will focus on those listed.

Each new generation is faster than the previous one and also consumes less energy, which has a positive effect on the laptop's battery life (not significantly). All these generations are not compatible with each other, that is, if your laptop has DDR3 memory installed, then you won’t be able to install DDR4 or DDR2 in it; all generations have different keys (a special slot in the contact group), which simply physically will not allow you to install the brackets into a connector of the wrong generation.

Visual comparison of RAM generations

How to see the generation of RAM

In order to see which generation is installed in your laptop, it is not at all necessary to disassemble it; you can use the task manager in Windows 10 or special programs if you have more than old version Windows.

How to enter the task manager was described earlier (via the key combination ALT+CTRL+DEL), so, go to the “Performance” tab, select “Memory” in the left menu.

RAM generation in task manager

As you can see in the screenshot above, our laptop has DDR3 memory installed, but you may have RAM of a different generation installed. Sometimes the task manager for some reason does not display the generation and you have to resort to third-party programs.

One of the most popular free programs for these (and not only) purposes is CPU-Z, you can download it from the link from the official website - https://www.cpuid.com/softwares/cpu-z.html.

Download, install, launch and go to the “Memory” tab, here in the first line in the “Type” field it will be indicated, for example, “DDR3”.

Generation of RAM in CPU-Z

This means that the laptop has DDR3 memory installed, and to increase the amount of memory you need to purchase memory sticks of this particular generation. Accordingly, if DDR4 is specified, then we purchase only memory of the DDR4 standard, etc.

Each of the standards: DDR2, DDR3, DDR4 can operate at different frequencies, therefore, in order to choose the right RAM for a laptop, it is not enough to know only the required generation.

At what frequency does the memory operate?

The previously listed generations support the following frequencies:

• DDR2– from 400 MHz to 1066 MHz (the most popular and frequently encountered modules are at 800 MHz).
• DDR3– from 800 MHz to 2133 MHz (the most popular and frequently encountered modules are at 1333 and 1600 MHz).
• DDR4– from 1600 MHz to 3600 MHz (the most popular and frequently encountered modules are at 2133, 2400 and 2666 MHz).

How to find out the frequency of RAM on a laptop

To determine the frequency of RAM in Windows 10, you can again use the task manager. On the "Performance" tab in the same "Memory" menu item, the frequency is listed as "Speed", example below.

RAM frequency in task manager

An alternative method is using the CPU-Z program. Go to the “SPD” tab and in the “Max Bandwidth” column the RAM frequency will be indicated in brackets.

RAM frequency in CPU-Z

It’s worth clarifying what CPU-Z shows us real frequency, and manufacturers indicate on their memory modules effective frequency The effective frequency is also shown to us by the task manager in Windows. And in general, when we talk about memory frequency, we almost always mean the effective frequency. This confusion occurs because the clock pulses occur at a frequency of 800 MHz, but data is transmitted 2 times for each pulse.

As you probably already guessed, in order to convert the real frequency into an effective one, you need to multiply it by 2, that is, in this particular case, seen in CPU-Z We multiply 800 MHz by 2 and get 1600 MHz. It is with this frequency (1600) that we buy an additional memory stick.

It should be remembered that memory frequency is not the only indicator of its speed. There is such a parameter as timings(delays), and the smaller they are, the better.

Timings (latencies) of RAM in CPU-Z

For example, one module has timings 11-11-11-28 (CL-RCD-RP-RAS), and the other 13-12-12-32, while both the frequency and the volume of modules are the same, in this case the first module will work a little faster. You should also know that as the frequency increases, the timings also increase. For example, memoryDDR3, in general, has frequencies lower thanDDR4, but also timings inDDR3 below. But still, a higher frequency is more important than lower timings, soDDR4 is fasterDDR3.

RAM for laptops of different frequencies

It is advisable to purchase memory at the frequency at which the one already installed in the laptop operates (if you are going to keep the old memory stick and buy a new one in pair with it). The fact is that if you install memory sticks with different frequencies in a laptop, they will work at the frequency of the slowest bar. That is, for example, a DDR3 1333 MHz module was installed in your laptop, and you bought and installed a DDR3 1600 MHz module in pair with it, in which case both modules will operate at a frequency of 1333 MHz. Therefore, there is no point in overpaying for a higher frequency (although they come at almost the same price). And if, for example, you had a 1600 MHz module installed, then buying an additional slower 1333 MHz module is especially not worth it, since then the “native” 1600 MHz module will start operating at 1333 MHz.

If you decide to remove all the old sticks from the laptop and replace them with new ones, then you can take, for example, instead of the previous 1333 MHz, 1600 MHz modules. But before that, you need to make sure that the processor and motherboard actually support 1600 MHz memory. You can find out this information on the official website of the laptop manufacturer, or using the AIDA64 program, in the “Motherboard” - “Chipset” section.

You can find out what memory your laptop supports in the AIDA64 program.

As we can see from the screenshot, in our case DDR3-1600 memory is supported.

If the laptop’s hardware is not capable of operating at a higher memory frequency than that of the installed sticks, then all new, faster sticks will operate at the same frequency as the old ones, so overpaying is pointless.

Attention: There are cases when, when installing memory with a higher frequency than the previous one, the laptop refuses to start at all. This means you are faced with incompatibility. In this case, you will have to exchange new memory sticks with a higher frequency for others with a lower frequency, and preferably from the same manufacturer as the old ones (already installed in the laptop). In some cases, flashing the firmware can save you from this.BIOS to a more recent version.

How to see how many RAM sticks are installed

The following RAM implementation options are found in laptops, let's start from worst to best:

1. Only RAM soldered on the motherboard without additional slots for adding RAM modules. This implementation is found, as a rule, either in the cheapest laptops, or in compact and thin ultrabooks, which, oddly enough, can cost quite a bit of money. This is the most unsuccessful implementation of RAM, since in this case you will not be able to increase the amount of RAM.
2. There is only one slot for RAM, in addition to it there is no second slot or soldered memory. This option is slightly better than the previous one, since in this case the amount of RAM can be increased, if desired, by replacing a single module with a more capacious one. But still, this is far from the best option for implementing RAM, since without a second module (soldered or installed in a slot), the RAM will never operate in dual-channel mode (memory bandwidth in dual-channel mode is 2 times higher). It’s especially sad when such an implementation is found in gaming laptops, even with a good video card and processor; due to the single-channel mode, some games will periodically experience stuttering and stuttering.
3. Part of the RAM is soldered onto the motherboard, and in addition to it, there is only one slot for adding a RAM module. This implementation of RAM is very common among laptops in the low and mid-price segment. Not the worst, but also not the best option, because, firstly, the soldered memory limits the maximum amount of RAM (usually 20 GB - 4 GB soldered + 16 GB module, but in some cases it can be more - 4 GB soldered + 32 GB module). Secondly, the frequency of the soldered memory limits the frequency of the second stick (for example, if the soldered memory has a frequency of 2133 MHz, then the module installed in pair with it will be able to operate at a maximum of 2133 MHz, even if the module itself supports operation at a higher frequency).
4. Two slots for RAM modules, no soldered memory. This is one of the best options for implementing RAM in a laptop, since in this case, as a rule, you can install up to 32 GB of RAM (2 modules of 16 GB each). Moreover, all 32 GB in this case will be able to work in dual-channel mode. Maximum frequency will be limited by the capabilities of the chipset and processor.
5. Four slots for RAM modules, no soldered memory. This implementation of RAM is extremely rare in laptops, mainly in very expensive series.

In order to see how many RAM sticks are installed, in Windows 10 you can use the task manager. On the “Performance” tab, in the “Memory” menu item, find the phrase “Slots used” and look at the value opposite.

You can see how many RAM sticks are installed in the task manager

In fact, in this laptop (on which this screenshot was taken) one of the 4 GB modules is soldered to the motherboard; in addition, the board has only one slot for installing RAM, into which the manufacturer already installed a 4 GB module from the factory ( total 8 GB). This is what the RAM soldered on the motherboard looks like (4 black chips):

Soldered RAM on a laptop

The manufacturer inserted another 4 GB stick into the only slot on top:

A blue RAM stick is installed in the only slot

This solution has several disadvantages, some of which have already been mentioned above, but we will still repeat ourselves to consolidate the material:

1. If the RAM module soldered on the motherboard fails, you will not be able to replace it yourself; you will have to take the laptop to a service center and resolder the failed memory chips.
2. If we want to increase the speed of RAM and install a stick with a higher frequency in the laptop, then, alas, we will not be able to do this. More precisely, you can install a bar with a higher frequency, but it will work at the frequency of an already wired module, but not higher. It’s possible that you can increase the speed by overclocking the memory, but that’s a completely different story, and not all laptops can do this.
3. More modest possibilities for increasing memory capacity, since we can replace only one module with a more capacious one.
4. The amount of soldered memory strictly limits the total amount of RAM that can operate in dual-channel mode (in dual-channel mode, memory bandwidth increases by 2 times). For example, we have 4 GB soldered on the motherboard, which means that in dual-channel mode we can work with a maximum of 8 GB, regardless of the size of the additional module we install. For example, if we install a 4 GB module, then all 8 GB will work in dual-channel mode (4 GB soldered + 4 GB module). If we install an 8 GB module (in total we get 12 GB - 4 GB soldered + 8 GB module), then only 8 GB will work in dual-channel mode (4 GB soldered + 4 GB from the module), the remaining 4 GB from the module will work in single-channel mode. If we install a 16 GB module (in total we get 20 GB - 4 GB soldered + 16 GB module), then only 8 GB will also work in dual-channel mode (4 GB soldered + 4 GB from the module), the remaining 12 GB from the module will be work in single-channel mode. And so on... But if we install a module with only 2 GB, then only 4 GB will work in dual-channel mode (2 GB from the module + 2 GB of soldered memory), the remaining 2 GB of soldered memory will work in single-channel mode. I think you have guessed how to calculate the amount of RAM capable of operating in dual-channel mode - take the capacity of the smallest module and multiply by 2.

Task Manager He was partly right that we don’t have free slots for RAM, but still he is misleading, showing that we have 2 slots on the board.

CPU-Z coped with this task even worse and showed erroneous data, although at the time of writing the article the latest version from the official website was installed. On the “SPD” tab there is a drop-down list with slots, an example in the picture below.

Information about the first RAM slot in the CPU-Z program

We see that in our case the laptop has 2 slots for RAM (the same error as in the task manager, we have one physical slot). When you select the first slot, the program displays that it has a 4 gigabyte (4096 Mbytes) DDR3 stick installed with a real frequency of 800 MHz (or 1600 MHz effective). But when choosing the second slot, the following picture opens before us:

Information about the second RAM slot in the CPU-Z program

This should mean that the second slot is free and you can install an additional module in it, which, of course, is not true.

Popular program AIDA64 also does not give us accurate information on the number of slots. In the “Motherboard” - “Chipset” section we see that the laptop supposedly has 2 slots and both have 4 GB sticks installed (in fact, one of them is soldered and not inserted into the slot).

Data on memory connectors in AIDA64

At the same time, in the “Motherboard” - “SPD” section only 1 plate is displayed (the one inserted into the slot). A soldered memory module is not displayed.

Data about RAM strips in the AIDA64 program

As we saw earlier, with memory soldered to the motherboard, programs cannot correctly determine the number of empty RAM slots, and thus can mislead the user. Indirect signs of built-in memory are the lack of information on one of the modules.

The best solution to understand how many memory sticks are installed and whether there are empty slots is to remove the cover under which the RAM modules are located and look “live”. Often, to replace the RAM and hard drive, there is a separate small cover with several screws (or even one), which, if you have a screwdriver of the appropriate size, is quite easy to remove. How to disassemble your particular laptop model is better to look at on YouTube.

The best manufacturers of RAM for laptops

Let's immediately clarify that in RAM, the main elements that store information are memory chips. Several of them are soldered onto the module, sometimes on both sides.

RAM chips are shown with arrows

So, RAM manufacturers are divided into 2 camps:

1. manufacturers of memory chips (some of them also produce memory modules entirely based on their own chips);
2. manufacturers of memory modules who do not produce chips themselves, but purchase ready-made ones from the former.

The first camp producing chips independently includes companies such as:

• Hynix (Hyundai);
• Samsung;
• Micron;
• Toshiba et al.

Some of them, for example, Hynix and Samsung, not only sell their chips to RAM module manufacturers, but also produce RAM modules under their own brand.

The second camp, which purchases ready-made memory chips and produces sticks based on them, includes companies such as:

• A-Data;
• AMD Radeon;
• Corsair;
• Kingston (HyperX);
• Patriot;
• Silicon Power;
• Transcend, etc.

That is why, if you buy, for example, a memory module from Corsair, you can find memory chips labeled “Samsung” on it. In fact, the companies on the second list are just assemblers; some of them don’t even produce printed circuit boards themselves.

Despite this, high-quality memory modules can be found both from companies from the first camp and from the second. The main thing is to purchase modules from well-known companies, and before purchasing, be sure to ask if there are any negative reviews specifically for the specific RAM model chosen.

On my own behalf, I can recommend RAM, first of all, from chip manufacturers: Hynix and Samsung, as well as from companies: Kingston (HyperX) and Corsair. I also had to deal with brackets from Patriot; according to my observations, their reliability is not bad, but sometimes they don’t maintain the stated frequencies (applies to high-frequency brackets, about 3000 MHz) and it’s strange, why then would they indicate such frequencies on their brackets...

For those interested in learning more about the “assemblers” of memory modules and finding out what kind of memory this or that company uses, here is a link to overclockers.ru.

How to increase the amount of RAM on a laptop

So, in order to increase the amount of RAM, you need to clearly understand:

1. Which form factor modules are required (for laptops this is SO-DIMM);
2. which generation memory you need to purchase - DDR2, DDR3 or DDR4 (depending on the processor and motherboard of your laptop);
3. what modules frequencies You need (it is advisable to purchase at the same frequency as the current modules already installed in the laptop);
4. which modules volume You need (so as not to exceed the maximum allowable capacity supported by the memory controller);
5. which one manufacturer RAM should be preferred.

After the necessary RAM has been purchased, it will need to be installed in the laptop. You can do this yourself (if it’s not clear how to do it, I advise you to watch a video specifically for your laptop model on YouTube), or for a small fee at a service center. Sometimes (if you ask nicely) they do it for free right in the store where the RAM modules were purchased.

Below is a video of how RAM is changed on most laptops (but this does not mean that it changes in your laptop in the same way, I repeat - it’s better to find a video with your specific laptop model or at least disassembling a laptop of the same series).

What else you need to know about RAM

When installing brackets from more than one set, you may encounter incompatible memory modules. This happens quite rarely, but it still happens, and it is impossible to determine in advance whether memory sticks from different kits will be compatible. If memory modules have different characteristics - frequency, timings, etc., or they are from different manufacturers - then the chances of running into incompatibility increase. Therefore, it is better if the slats are from the same manufacturer and with the same characteristics. And ideally, the memory should come from one set. In stores you can often find ready-made memory kits of 2 and 4 sticks, in which case the manufacturer guarantees that all sticks from the kit will be 100% compatible with each other.

This is what a laptop RAM kit looks like

But sets, as a rule, cost a little more, so I personally buy just two strips from the same manufacturer, the same model (with the same characteristics) and immediately in one store on the same day. This increases the chances that these strips were produced around the same time from the same components. After all, it also happens that today a manufacturer assembles sticks from some components, and tomorrow concludes a more profitable deal with a supplier of other components and, roughly speaking, the next day begins to produce the same model of RAM, but with different components. And for such strips, with different components, incompatibility may already arise (although the model of the strips is the same). Therefore, you can 100% insure yourself against module incompatibility only by purchasing the strips as a set.

But in my practice, when buying identical piece models of planks in one store on the same day, I have never yet encountered incompatibility, so all this is a matter of chance...

Congratulations! Now you know everything about how to choose the right RAM for a laptop.

The volume and frequency of RAM are one of the most important parameters of a computer, which affect many aspects of its operation. Many games and programs will not start at all if these indicators on your PC are too low. However, it’s no secret that progress does not stand still, and along with it, the requests put forward by developers to users are becoming ever higher. Therefore, no matter how good your computer is now, sooner or later you will still need to buy additional RAM. This article will help you figure out how to choose RAM for a laptop.

The wrong RAM can greatly harm your computer. That is why it is so important, before buying RAM for a laptop, to study all its parameters, as well as to become more familiar with the memory installed in your PC. Unfortunately, you can find them out using only system files and programs, it won’t work; all you can achieve in this way is to find out the amount of memory, but besides it there are many more different parameters that influence your further choice.

To recognize them, you will have to use special software. The example will consider the AIDA64 program, however, this is far from the only utility that works in this way, and if you have sufficient knowledge to independently search for parameters, you can use any of them, this should not affect the result.

When you install and run the program, a window should appear in front of you where you must select the “Motherboard” section, and then the “SPD” section.

After you do this, a window will appear in front of you with all the parameters of your RAM (if your computer already has several memory modules installed, you can select one of them at the top of the window). In this window you should be interested in the following parameters:

1. Module name. It is not particularly important when choosing, but it may be useful in the future in order to find out additional parameters of your memory through the manufacturer’s website.
2. Memory size. One of the most important parameters, you should definitely pay attention to it when purchasing. As for the choice, everything is simple here, the more, the better. One has only to note that to maintain a memory capacity of more than three gigabytes, you will need a 64-bit operating system.
3. Module type. This parameter is extremely important when choosing a new RAM, on which its dimensions depend, and therefore when choosing a new module, be sure to focus on it. There are two types of module: DIMM (longer) and SO-DIMM (shorter). By the way, any of them can be installed on computers, but only SO-DIMM on laptops.
4. Memory type. Also important parameter when choosing RAM. There are four types of memory: DDR (or SDRAM), DDR2, DDR3 and DDR. DDR and DDR2 types are extremely outdated and can only be found on very old PCs. The DDR3 memory type is the most common, although it is considered old for modern computers. DDR4 is the newest type of RAM, completely superior to its predecessors in parameters and price, and is installed only in new models of motherboards. Unfortunately, not all PCs support one or another type of memory (especially DDR4), and therefore, before choosing another type of RAM, be sure to find out the model of your motherboard in the appropriate section of the same program and check on the manufacturer’s website which types of RAM are suitable for her.
5. Memory speed. When choosing a new RAM, pay attention to this parameter, or more precisely to the number written immediately after the memory type (the one after the hyphen, not in parentheses). This number is the memory clock speed, each motherboard has its limit, and if you install a module with a frequency exceeding this limit, it will not work correctly, which is why there is a possibility of errors and glitches, as well as a complete breakdown of the system. Therefore, you should check this parameter on the motherboard manufacturer’s website and buy RAM with a frequency that does not exceed the limit (less than the limit is possible), but be careful, because the motherboard also has its own frequency, do not confuse them. Also, if you decide to install two memory modules on your PC, their speed must match.
6. Module voltage. Also, a parameter important for computer operation depends on the type of memory, and the smaller it is, the better.

As you can see, RAM has quite a lot of different indicators that you should pay attention to when purchasing. Some of them are only recommended to improve the quality of work, and some are mandatory. Only one thing can be said for sure - before choosing RAM for a laptop, you should pay attention to each of them, without exception.

How to choose RAM for a laptop and manufacturer

When all the parameters of RAM are thoroughly studied, the time comes to purchase it directly. Of course, every user would like to choose RAM with maximum performance and install it in their PC, but it’s not that simple. As you may already understand, when choosing RAM, there are certain restrictions that are dictated by the motherboard installed in your PC. In addition, you should not forget about such an eternal limiter as money, because not everyone is ready to shell out a fortune to buy and upgrade a computer. Therefore, when purchasing, you need to try to get the maximum benefit at the minimum price.

The main parameter here is the manufacturer. It is best to buy RAM only from trusted and well-known companies; the price difference is usually not that great, but the service life varies quite a lot. The most famous and popular companies today are: Hynix, Samsung, Kingmax and Transcend. These companies provide high-quality memory modules at an affordable price. Also popular are Kingston, Corsair and OCZ. Modules from these manufacturers have the ability for so-called “overclocking,” which makes them more powerful, but their price is higher and additional costs may be required in the form of installing an additional cooling system, because overclocking generates a large amount of heat.

As for the parameters, it all depends on the reasons for purchasing RAM. If you are buying because your old one is broken or to generally speed up your computer, then the DDR3 type of four or six gigabytes is quite suitable for you; such a module will cost relatively little and will certainly give you the desired result. If you are a fan of video games, then you are better off choosing the DDR4 format, which, although more expensive, ultimately shows higher productivity than DDR3 even at lower parameters.

How to choose RAM for a laptop: video

When buying RAM, you should remember that the main indicator of any part is quality. Before choosing RAM for a laptop, be sure to double-check the quality of the seller, for example, according to reviews, and of course, never buy PC parts without a guarantee.