Computer keyboard panel. Rules for using a computer keyboard - location of keys, use of keyboard shortcuts. The most necessary actions on the keyboard

In this publication we will talk about the purpose of the keys on the keyboard and how they are divided into groups into which they are collected according to their main characteristics. It is from studying the keys, in my opinion, that you need to take the first steps in mastering the keyboard, because using combinations on the keys in the information input device can significantly save time, and sometimes even money. The designation of the keys on the keyboard is divided into several main groups, which facilitates convenient learning of the computer control tool and comfortable work with it.

To all of the above, it is worth adding that knowledge and skills in working with the keyboard significantly simplify the implementation of the assigned tasks in writing an article for a blog, drawing up a report, writing an essay or term paper... and saves your precious time. It’s better to learn how to work productively at the keyboard once, and then use it for the rest of your life.

A computer keyboard, like a mouse, is the main information input device and in its standard version has 101 or 102 keys. In English, the keyboard is called keyboard, which translates as “push-button board”.

By the way, in addition to assigning and dividing keys into main groups, it is very useful to know and be able to work with key combinations on the keyboard. And to make the learning process easy and convenient, I recommend downloading the manual for your operating version Windows systems XP/7/8.

The group is intended for entering letters, numbers, punctuation marks and special characters. By default, the input device prints in small (lowercase) letters. If you need to enter a capital letter, then you need to press the Shift key and simultaneously (without releasing) the desired key. As a result, you will get a capital letter. This switching of letters from uppercase to lowercase and vice versa is called case change. Uppercase gives us uppercase letters, and lowercase gives us lowercase letters.

If you need to write only capital letters all the time, then press the Caps Lock key. At the same time, a light bulb (indicator) will light up in the upper right corner and, as a result, only capital letters will be typed until you press the Caps Lock key again. But if you press the Shift key while the Caps Lock key is on, you will get the opposite result and lowercase letters will be printed.

To switch the keyboard layout, use the service key combination Alt+Shift. To switch the keyboard layout from English to Russian and vice versa, these keys must be pressed and released simultaneously.

In order to enter a character from a number-sign key, you need to hold down the Shift key and type the necessary specials. characters in the digital part of the group. I’ll add that turning on Caps Lock does not work on the number keys, because there are no uppercase or lowercase numbers.

Service keys on the keyboard. Next, I suggest you get acquainted and consider a brief description of the keyboard keys that belong to the service group. This group includes the “Shift”, “Ctrl”, “Caps Lock” and “Num Lock” keys.

They are also called modifier keys because they change the action of other keys. For ease of use, they are duplicated on both sides of the alphanumeric keys and have a slightly different, enlarged appearance.

Caps Lock (capitals lock) is a “push-button daughter” key, which is designed to automatically (permanently) change the case of letters from lowercase to uppercase. Literally translated as the button for fixing capital letters.

Shift is a modifier key on a computer keyboard that was originally intended for entering capital letters. If you press the Shift key and type a letter at the same time, you will enter a capital letter. And if you simultaneously press the Shift key and type a number with an arrow on the additional (numeric) part of the keyboard, the key will work as a cursor control.

Ctrl (Control) is a system button that is used as a modifier key on a computer keyboard.

Alt (alternate) - the main purpose of the key is to change the value of other keys. The Alt key is also a modifier. As a rule, it helps to expand the number of events that users report when using a key combination in a particular program. Literally Alt (alternate) is translated as change, alternate.

Num Lock - designed to switch and lock the numeric register and is located in the upper left corner of the numeric keypad of the keyboard. The key has its own indicator and, when turned on, switches the additional numeric block into digit entry mode, and when turned off, the block operates in cursor control mode. Literally, “Num Lock” is translated as fixing numbers.

Service keys for editing. Space is the longest key, located at the bottom of the keyboard. The name of the key says it all, it inserts spaces between characters, words and sentences;

Backspace - key to delete a character to the left of the cursor. Outside the typing area can be used to return to the previous screen in a program or page in a browser;

Delete - deletes the character to the right of the cursor. Outside the typing area, it is used to delete an object (files, pictures...);

Insert—enables replacement modes. Designed to work in insert mode (entering text in the editor starting from the insertion point) and replacement mode (text entered from the keyboard will be replaced with the text already typed);

Special keyboard keys. Esc - the key helps to cancel the last action. Sometimes it is not possible to cancel the last action and in such cases the key does not work. The main purpose is to return to the previous state of the menu, screen or exit running application if provided for in the program. Literally translated as run, escape;

Enter (enter) - the key is used to enter, confirm a command, any action or move to a new line;

Tab - usually used to switch between tasks or create a horizontal indent in some text editors;

Function keys on the keyboard. Function keys - this group includes keys from the top row of the button board - from F1 to F12. Each key is programmed to perform a specific task. Depending on what program or game you are currently using, the task may change. As a rule, the F1 key remains unchanged and in most cases launches help information.

Cursor keys. There are eight such keys on the keyboard. This group includes arrows and keys:

Home — moves the cursor to the beginning of the line;

End - sends the cursor to the end of the line;

Page UP - will move the cursor up one page;

Page Down - moves the cursor down one page;

Numeric keypad. Numeric keypad (numeric keyboard)-this group forms a rectangle on the right side of the keyboard. The group contains numeric keys from 0 to 9, addition, subtraction, multiplication and division symbols. Once again, I draw your attention to the fact that when Num Lock is turned on (the indicator is on), you can enter numbers using the numeric keypad, and when Num Lock is not pressed, the group duplicates some keys of the main part of the keyboard.

There are keys on a laptop keyboard, or rather designations on the keys, the meaning of which is incomprehensible to a beginner. In this lesson I want to explain the meaning of such notations. If you look at a laptop keyboard, you will certainly see a key on it "Fn", it is usually located in the lower left corner of the keyboard. Inscription "Fn" usually highlighted in blue or surrounded by a white frame, depending on the laptop model. In addition, if you look closely, you can see the icons on the keyboard are also highlighted in blue or surrounded by a white frame. As you probably already guessed, between the keys with these icons and the key "Fn" there is a connection.

The "Fn" key (pronounced "Funkshin"), in combination with keys with blue icons or white borders, causes the computer to perform a specific action. On different models On laptops, these icons are assigned to different keys, so I will describe the actions in pictures so as not to be tied to a specific key combination. Here is a list of such combinations and corresponding actions:

"Fn"+ — call help using a keyboard shortcut.

"Fn"+ — call up energy consumption settings.

"Fn"+ — turn BlueTooth on/off.

"Fn"+ — enable/disable sleep mode.

"Fn"+ - if an external display (monitor or TV) is connected to the laptop, then using this key combination you can switch display modes: to the laptop display, to an external display, or simultaneously to the laptop display and an external display.

"Fn"+ - turns off the laptop monitor to save energy.

"Fn"+ — turn on/off TouchPada (the device on which you move your finger to move the cursor. Replaces the mouse).

I have an interesting story with this key combination. A friend of mine had been using a laptop for over a year and once during a meeting he asked me to help figure out why the Touchpad wasn’t working, i.e. He couldn't work on his laptop without a mouse for a whole year!
Without hesitation, I pressed this key combination - turned on the Touchpad and everything worked. He was very surprised because... I thought that the Touchpad was simply broken :)

"Fn"+ — turn on/off sound.

"Fn"+ — enable/disable numeric keypad mode. Those. If this mode is enabled, then when you press keys that have blue number icons or numbers surrounded by a white frame, the corresponding numbers will be displayed (like on a calculator).

If you are interested how to turn on a calculator on a laptop, then it is done like this. Start menu - all programs - standard - calculator.

I also have an interesting story with this key combination. One day, an acquaintance called me and said that on his laptop, one half of the keyboard (the left) works fine, but the other half (the right) for some reason prints numbers, and no matter what he did, he couldn’t fix it. As you already understand, the issue was resolved in 5 seconds - I told him about this key combination, and everything fell into place. How he turned on the mode for working with numbers remains a mystery :)

"Fn"+ — turn on/off the screen moving mode. Currently it only works in Excel.

"Fn"+ — number 7 when NumLk mode is on.

"Fn"+ — number 8 when NumLk mode is on.

"Fn"+ — number 9 when NumLk mode is on.

"Fn"+ — “/” symbol when NumLk mode is enabled.

"Fn"+ — number 4 when NumLk mode is on.

"Fn"+ — number 5 when NumLk mode is on.

"Fn"+ — number 6 when NumLk mode is on.

"Fn"+ — “*” symbol when NumLk mode is enabled.

"Fn"+ — number 1 when NumLk mode is on.

"Fn"+ — number 2 when NumLk mode is on.

"Fn"+ — number 3 when NumLk mode is on.

"Fn"+ — “-” symbol when NumLk mode is enabled.

"Fn"+ — digit 0 when NumLk mode is on.

"Fn"+ — “+” symbol when NumLk mode is enabled.

"Fn"+ — increase monitor brightness.

"Fn"+ — reduce the brightness of the monitor.

"Fn"+ — increase the sound.

"Fn"+ — reduce the sound.

The article describes the purpose of the keys on a laptop keyboard.

Laptop keyboards are not much different from computer keyboards, except for the presence of the first few additional keys. When typing text on a laptop keyboard, exactly the same technique is used as on a computer keyboard, since both of these keyboards are practically a copy of a regular typewriter.

Laptop keyboard assignment of keys, description for beginners. How to use a laptop keyboard button functions

In this review we will talk about the purpose of laptop keyboard keys (decoding for dummies).

Laptop keyboard. Key assignment

First, we list the functions of each individual laptop key:

• ESC– a standard key familiar to everyone. When pressed, any program action is canceled.
• DEL– also a standard delete key for all computer keyboards. For example, you can use it to delete certain files.
• F5– refreshes the current page in the browser
• Print Screen – takes a screenshot of the visible part of the screen
• Pause Break– when you press this key a couple of seconds after turning on the laptop, information about the laptop and the entire system is displayed.
• Scroll Lock– when you press this key, you can use the arrows to drag the image on the display.
• Num Lock– pressing this key activates dialing numbers on the numeric keypad on the right
• BACK SPACE– standard button for deleting typed characters
• F10– when this key is pressed, the menu bar is activated
• ENTER– a standard key for confirming certain program actions, also serves as a line break in text editors.
• SHIFT– when you press this key, the uppercase keys are activated, that is, you can type in capital letters.
• WIN/Windows– launches the main menu
• Windows– opens the menu “ Start»
• Tab– in text editors creates a red line
• FN– the key is usually used in conjunction with other keys, which we will discuss below
• Home– by pressing this key you can drag the mouse cursor to the beginning of the text
• End— by pressing this key you can drag the mouse cursor to the end of the text
• Ins And Insert– keys trigger replacement and insertion in text when typing. When pasting, text can be added between words, and when replacing text, it will erase all words to the right of the cursor.
• P.G.U.P.– using this key you can scroll the window up both in the browser and in text editors.
• PGDN— when you press this key, you can scroll the window down both in the browser and in text editors.
• Keys from F1 before F12– hotkeys with which you can open help, refresh the page, copy, and so on.

So, we have described the purpose of individual keys. Now we present the commands that are carried out by pressing several keys.

Key Alt in combination with the key:

• F4– closes the current window in the OS
• PRTSC SYSRQ– screenshot of the current window
• BACK SPACE
• TAB– switching between open windows or running programs
• SHIFT– switches keyboard layout from language to language

Key Ctrl in combination with the key:

• End– moves to the bottom of the page
• Home– moves to the top of the page
• ALT And DEL- starts " Task Manager»
• Arrow keys– moves the cursor left or right one word
• ESC- Launches " Start»
• O– opening a document in programs
• W– closing a document in programs
• S– saving documents in programs
• P– printing documents in programs
• A– highlighting a document in programs
• C– copying the selected area of ​​the document
• V– pastes the copied text/file into the desired location
• Z– cancels the previous action
• SHIFT– switching keyboard layout from language to language

Key SHIFT in combination with the key:

• Arrows– selects a character to the right or left of the cursor
• DEL– permanently deletes the file from the system

Key FN in combination with the key:

• F1– closing the laptop
• F2– opens energy saving settings
• F3– starts or closes the Bluetooth function
• F4– starts or disables sleep mode
• F5– switches from screen to screen on a laptop (if there are additional ones)
• F6– turn off the monitor
• F7– turn off the monitor
• F8– turns sound on and off
• F9– enables and disables the laptop touchpad
• F10– changes the keyboard layout
• F11– enables or disables the numeric keypad
• F12– enables or disables screen movement
• PGDN– turns on the key End
• P.G.U.P.– turns on the key Home
• 2(@) – adjusts sound volume
• 1(!) – adjusts screen brightness

Key WIN in combination with the key:

• D– minimizes all open windows
• R– starts the program
• E– starts explorer
• F– starts the search
• TAB– switch between taskbar icons

Video: How does the keyboard work and how does it work?

Both when writing a letter and calculating digital data, you can't do without a keyboard– the main means of entering information into a computer. This section covers the basics of using the keyboard and introduces keyboard commands.

How are the keyboard keys arranged?

Keys on the keyboard Computers can be divided into several groups according to their functions:

• Letters (letters and numbers). These are keys for letters, numbers, punctuation and symbols, just like on a regular typewriter.
• Service keys. These keys are used alone or in combination with other keys to perform specific actions. The most commonly used service keys are Ctrl, Alt, Esc and the Windows logo key.
• Function keys. Function keys are used to perform special tasks. They are designated F1, F2, F3 and so on, up to F12. Depending on the program, the functionality of these keys may vary.
• Navigation keys. These keys are used to navigate documents, web pages, and edit text. These include the arrow keys, Home, End, Page Up, Page Down, Delete, and Insert.
• Numeric keypad. The numeric keypad makes it easy to quickly enter numbers. The keys are grouped into a block, just like on a regular calculator.

The picture below shows how these keys are arranged on a typical keyboard. You may have a different keyboard layout.

Keyboard input

When you need to enter something into a program, into a message Email or in a field, a vertical bar (|) flashes on the screen. This is the cursor, also called the input position. It shows where the input will begin. You can move the cursor by clicking the location you want or by using the navigation keys (see “Using the navigation keys” in this section).

In addition to letters, numbers, punctuation, and symbols, the input keys also include the tab key, Shift key, Caps Lock key, Enter key, space key, and Backspace key.

Using keyboard shortcuts in Windows

Using navigation keys

Navigation keys let you move the cursor, navigate documents and web pages, and edit text. The table below contains a list of the main functions of these keys.

Using the numeric keypad

The numeric keypad contains numbers from 0 to 9, arithmetic signs + (addition), − (subtraction), * (multiplication) and / (division), and a decimal point, just like on a calculator. These symbols are duplicated on other keys, but their location on the numeric keypad allows you to quickly enter numeric data or mathematical symbols with one hand.

To use the numeric keypad to enter numbers, press the Num Lock key. Most keyboards have an indicator light that shows you whether Num Lock is turned on or off. When Num Lock is disabled, the numeric keypad functions as a second set of navigation keys (these functions are depicted on the number and sign keys).

You can also use the numeric keypad to perform simple calculations in the Calculator program.

Controlling the Calculator program from the numeric keypad

1. Open the Calculator program.
2. Look at the keyboard indicator to see if Num Lock is turned on. If Num Lock is disabled, press the key.
3. Using the numeric keypad, enter the first count number.
4. On the numeric keypad, press + to add, − to subtract, * to multiply, or / to divide
5. Enter the next number in the count.
6. To complete the count, press the Enter key.

Three additional keyboard keys

We have already examined almost all the keys that can be used. But for the curious, let's look at three of the most mysterious keys on the keyboard: PrtScn, Scroll Lock and Pause/Break.

PrtScn (or Print Screen) key

Once upon a time, this key actually performed the function that its name denotes (i.e. “Print Screen”) - it sent the text of the current screen to the printer. Currently, pressing PrtScn captures an image of the entire screen (takes a “screenshot”) and copies it to the clipboard in the computer’s memory. From there, it can be pasted (by pressing the Ctrl + V keys) into Microsoft Paint or another program and, if desired, printed from that program.

On some keyboards, the SYS RQ command is also marked on the PrtScn key - it is even more mysterious. SYS RQ once stood for “system request,” but this command is not available on Windows.

For more information about the Print Screen key, see Taking a screenshot (Print Screen key).

Reference: To freeze the image of not the entire screen, but only the active window, press Alt + PrtScn.

ScrLk (or Scroll Lock) key

In most programs, pressing Scroll Lock has no effect. In some programs, pressing Scroll Lock changes the behavior of the arrow keys and the Page Up and Page Down keys: pressing these keys causes the document to scroll without changing the cursor position or selection. There may be an indicator light on your keyboard that shows you whether Scroll Lock is enabled.

Pause/Break key

This key is rarely used. In some ancient programs, pressing Pause/Break may pause the program, and pressing Ctrl + Pause/Break may terminate the program.

Other keys

Some modern keyboards also have hotkeys, or buttons, that provide quick, one-touch access to programs, files, or commands. Other models have volume controls, scroll and zoom wheels, and other gadgets.

You can learn more about these features from your keyboard or computer manual, or from the manufacturer's website.

Proper use of the keyboard May prevent pain or injury to your wrist and hand, especially when using the computer for long periods of time.

Here are some tips to help prevent problems:

• Place the keyboard at elbow level. Your forearms should fall relaxed to your sides.
• Center the keyboard in front of you. If your keyboard has a separate group of number keys, consider the spacebar as the center point.
• Keep your hands and wrists above the keyboard while typing, so that distant keys can be reached with the movement of the whole hand, and not by stretching the fingers.
• Do not place your palms or wrists on any surface when entering text. If your keyboard has a wrist rest area, use it only when you take breaks from typing.
• While entering text press the keys lightly, your wrists should be straight.
• If you are not entering text, relax your hands.
• Keep it short breaks from working at the computer every 15-20 minutes.

In many of our articles you can see text like: Win + R.
This text means that you need to press the combination of the Windows logo key and the letter on your keyboard R.
Keyboard shortcuts are combinations of two or more keys that can be pressed to perform tasks that typically require the use of a mouse or other pointing device.

This list is more complete, most of the keyboard shortcuts are valid for others operating systems Windows family.

The following are the most commonly used keyboard shortcuts.

Keyboard shortcuts for working with text.

Keyboard shortcuts for working with windows and the desktop.

Keyboard shortcuts for working with multiple monitors.

Keyboard shortcuts for working with the Taskbar.

Keyboard shortcuts for working in Windows Explorer.

Keyboard shortcuts for the dialog box.

Keyboard shortcuts for using Windows Help.

Keyboard shortcuts for working with Ease of Access Center.

Keyboard shortcuts for working with Magnifier.

Other keyboard shortcuts.

Material prepared by: Nizaury

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